International Journal of Instruction, Technology and Social Sciences

Leveraging Quantum Technologies in Transport - A Strategic Literature Review

2025-12-31T12:10:49+02:00

The rapid evolution of quantum technologies presents transformative opportunities for various industries, including the transport sector. As global supply chains grow increasingly complex and data-driven logistics become central to operational efficiency, quantum computing and quantum communication are emerging as potential enablers of next-generation transport systems. This research explores the intersection of quantum innovation and transportation, with a focus on enhancing efficiency, security, and decision-making processes in logistics and mobility. The study adopts a qualitative methodology grounded in an extensive literature review of scholarly publications, industry reports, and policy papers from the past decade. Sources were selected based on their relevance to quantum applications in transportation, including routing optimization, traffic flow prediction, secure communications, and fleet management. The review framework categorizes insights according to technological readiness, practical implementation, and strategic value in the transport sector. Findings from the literature suggest that quantum computing holds significant promise for solving large-scale optimization problems, such as dynamic route planning and freight allocation, which are currently limited by classical computational methods. Additionally, quantum key distribution (QKD) is highlighted as a secure communication solution for protecting sensitive data in autonomous and connected transport systems. Although real-world applications remain limited, pilot studies and simulations indicate measurable improvements in processing speed and security protocols. This research underscores the potential of quantum technologies to redefine competitive advantage in the transport sector. By integrating quantum solutions into existing digital infrastructure, companies may achieve faster, more secure, and more sustainable transport operations. The findings also call for interdisciplinary collaboration and proactive policy support to bridge the gap between theoretical potential and practical deployment.

Comparative Analysis between Rail and Shipping Transport from the Perspective of Adapting Human Resources to Current Economic and Social Requirements

2026-03-31T08:21:34+03:00

The paper presents an extensive and comparative analysis of human potential in rail and maritime transport, including comprehensive statistical indicators, tables, conceptual figures, and a rigorous academic structure. The analysis uses data from 2022 to 2024 for the rail sector (CFR Constanța Branch) and specialized literature for the shipping sector, supplemented with statistical indicators specific to the port and maritime sector. The results highlight significant structural and demographic differences between the two sectors, as well as a number of common challenges: accelerated digitization, a shortage of young labor, and international pressure on professional qualifications. The results of the analyses on human potential management led to the conclusion that, in the near future, employee performance management will develop progressively, and performance-based compensation mechanisms will be of strategic importance. Based on these findings, the company's organizational structure will be reshaped to better align rail transport needs with available resources.

Particularities of the managerial selection decision-making process - comparative analysis between the railway and shipping sectors

2026-03-31T09:20:03+03:00

The current economic climate has forced major changes in how human resources are organized in the transportation sector, especially when it comes to picking managers. Cutting back on staff and higher job requirements are making organizations change how they pick people, with more focus on skills and management abilities. In the railway sector, where safety and interoperability are critical, the selection of managers requires rigorous multi-criteria tools, such as the decision-making model implemented through the DEXi expert system. In the maritime sector, the selection process is influenced by international standards (IMO, STCW), global mobility, and the specific nature of port operations. The paper presents a comparative analysis of managerial selection decision-making processes in the two sectors, proposes a multi-criteria model applicable to both fields, and highlights structural, methodological, and institutional differences. The conclusions emphasize the need to professionalize managerial selection in transport and to adopt hybrid tools for assessing competencies.

An updated analytical framework on cyber resilience and managing the response to hybrid threats

2026-03-31T10:43:31+03:00

The complexity of the international security environment, accentuated by the proliferation of hybrid threats and the increased interdependence between the physical, digital, and social domains, calls for the development of coherent analytical frameworks for managing the response at the national and European levels. Based on recent developments in Romania's eastern neighborhood and in the Euro-Atlantic space—the annexation of Crimea, the protracted conflict in Ukraine, the sabotage of critical maritime infrastructure, and the intensification of cyber and information attacks against democratic states—this article aims to outline a current framework for analyzing hybrid threats and to argue for the central role of cyber resilience and security culture in countering them. The paper is conceptual and exploratory in nature, based on the analysis of strategic and normative documents, specialized literature, and recent case studies. The main result is the proposal of a four-step analytical framework for managing hybrid threats (identifying the adversary's instruments of power, assessing vulnerabilities, identifying likely targets, calibrating the response by strengthening security culture and cyber resilience). The implications of the entry into force of recent European legislation on cybersecurity and digital operational resilience are also discussed.